To prevent magnesium from oxidation in electrolytic extraction process

Options

A. Some calcium fluoride is added
B. Some chlorides are added
C. Metal is taken out by spoons
D. The whole process is done in an atmosphere of coal gas

Explanation

To prevent magnesium from oxidation in the electrolytic extraction process, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Problem
Magnesium is a highly reactive metal and can easily oxidize when exposed to air or moisture during the extraction process. Therefore, it is crucial to find a way to prevent this oxidation.

### Step 2: Use of Calcium Fluoride
One effective method to prevent the oxidation of magnesium during the electrolytic extraction process is to add calcium fluoride (CaF₂) to the electrolyte. Calcium fluoride helps in creating a protective environment around the magnesium, thereby reducing its exposure to oxygen.

### Step 3: Addition of Chlorides
In addition to calcium fluoride, adding certain chlorides (like sodium chloride or potassium chloride) can also help in the extraction process. These chlorides can help in lowering the melting point of the electrolyte and provide a more stable environment for the magnesium.

### Step 4: Controlled Atmosphere
It is also important to carry out the electrolytic extraction in a controlled atmosphere. While the video transcript mentions coal gas, it is essential to clarify that the process is typically done in an inert atmosphere (like argon or nitrogen) to prevent any reaction with oxygen.

### Step 5: Use of Protective Equipment
Using protective equipment, such as spoons made of materials that do not react with magnesium, can help in handling the metal without causing oxidation.

### Conclusion
In summary, to prevent magnesium from oxidation during the electrolytic extraction process, one should:
1. Add calcium fluoride to the electrolyte.
2. Incorporate chlorides to stabilize the process.
3. Conduct the extraction in an inert atmosphere.
4. Use non-reactive tools for handling the magnesium.

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