The element exhibiting most stable `+ 2` oxidation state among the following is

Options

A. Ag
B. Fe
C. Sn
D. Pb

Explanation

To determine which element exhibits the most stable +2 oxidation state among the given options, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Elements
First, we need to identify the elements in the question. The common elements that exhibit +2 oxidation states in the p-block include:
- Silver (Ag)
- Arsenic (As)
- Tin (Sn)
- Lead (Pb)

### Step 2: Analyze the Common Oxidation States
Next, we analyze the common oxidation states of these elements:
- Silver (Ag) primarily exhibits a +1 oxidation state.
- Arsenic (As) can exhibit +3 and +5 oxidation states but is less stable in +2.
- Tin (Sn) can exhibit +2 and +4 oxidation states.
- Lead (Pb) can also exhibit +2 and +4 oxidation states.

### Step 3: Consider Stability Factors
Now, we need to consider the stability of the +2 oxidation state for these elements:
- For Silver (Ag), the +2 oxidation state is not stable; it primarily exists in the +1 state.
- For Arsenic (As), the +2 oxidation state is not commonly stable due to its tendency to form +3 and +5 states.
- For Tin (Sn), the +2 oxidation state is stable, but it can also exist in a +4 state, which is often more stable due to the inert pair effect.
- For Lead (Pb), the +2 oxidation state is more stable than the +4 oxidation state due to the inert pair effect, where the s-electrons are less available for bonding.

### Step 4: Conclusion
Based on the analysis, the element that exhibits the most stable +2 oxidation state among the options is Lead (Pb).

### Final Answer
The element exhibiting the most stable +2 oxidation state among the following is **Lead (Pb)**.

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