Organic catalysts differ from inorganic catalysts

Options

A. By acting at very high temperature
B. By acting at low temperature
C. Being used up
D. Being proteinous in nature

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Definition of Catalysts:**
- Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. They can be classified into two main categories: organic catalysts and inorganic catalysts.

2. **Organic Catalysts:**
- Organic catalysts, also known as biocatalysts, are primarily enzymes. Enzymes are proteins that facilitate biochemical reactions in living organisms. They are complex molecules that are specific to particular reactions and can operate under mild conditions (e.g., physiological temperatures and pH).

3. **Characteristics of Organic Catalysts:**
- **Nature:** Organic catalysts are proteinous in nature.
- **Temperature Sensitivity:** They generally function optimally at lower temperatures compared to inorganic catalysts.
- **Specificity:** Enzymes are highly specific to their substrates, meaning they catalyze specific reactions.

4. **Inorganic Catalysts:**
- Inorganic catalysts are typically metals or metal compounds. Examples include nickel, platinum, and palladium. These catalysts are often used in industrial processes.

5. **Characteristics of Inorganic Catalysts:**
- **Nature:** Inorganic catalysts are not protein-based; they are often metals or metal oxides.
- **Temperature Sensitivity:** They can operate at higher temperatures and are often more robust under extreme conditions.
- **Less Specificity:** Inorganic catalysts may not have the same level of specificity as organic catalysts and can catalyze a wider range of reactions.

6. **Comparison:**
- **Composition:** Organic catalysts are proteinous (enzymes), while inorganic catalysts are typically metals or metal compounds.
- **Operating Conditions:** Organic catalysts work best at lower temperatures, whereas inorganic catalysts can function at higher temperatures.
- **Specificity:** Organic catalysts are highly specific, while inorganic catalysts can catalyze a broader range of reactions.

**Conclusion:**
Organic catalysts (enzymes) differ from inorganic catalysts (metals) in their composition, operating conditions, and specificity.

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