Which of the following reacts with `NaNO_(2) + HCl` to give phenol

Options

A. `C_(6)H_(5)CH_(2)NHCH_(3)`
B. `(CH_(3))_(2)NH`
C. `CH_(3)NH_(2)`
D. `C_(6)H_(5)NH_(2)`

Explanation

To solve the question of which compound reacts with `NaNO₂ + HCl` to give phenol, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Reaction
The reaction involves the diazotization of an aromatic amine in the presence of `NaNO₂` (sodium nitrite) and `HCl` (hydrochloric acid). This process typically converts an aromatic amine into a diazonium salt.

### Step 2: Identify the Aromatic Amine
The aromatic amine that can be diazotized is an amine that has the general structure `C6H5NH2`, which is known as aniline.

### Step 3: Diazotization Process
When aniline is treated with `NaNO₂` and `HCl`, it forms a diazonium salt, specifically benzenediazonium chloride (`C6H5N₂Cl`). This reaction occurs at low temperatures (0 to 5 degrees Celsius) to stabilize the diazonium salt.

### Step 4: Hydrolysis of the Diazonium Salt
The next step involves hydrolysis of the diazonium salt. When benzenediazonium chloride is treated with water, it undergoes hydrolysis to produce phenol (`C6H5OH`).

### Step 5: Conclusion
Thus, the compound that reacts with `NaNO₂ + HCl` to give phenol is aniline (`C6H5NH2`).

### Final Answer
The correct answer is **aniline (C6H5NH2)**.

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