Annulus of moss capsule separates

Options

A. Operculum and columella
B. Theca and columella
C. Theca from operculum
D. Columella from apophysis

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding Moss Structure**: Mosses are non-vascular plants classified under bryophytes. They have two main life stages: the gametophyte and the sporophyte. The sporophyte is dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition.

2. **Sporophyte Features**: The sporophyte of mosses typically consists of a capsule-like structure supported by a stalk called the seta. The capsule is where spores are formed.

3. **Components of the Capsule**: The capsule has several important parts:
- **Operculum**: This is the lid-like structure that protects the spores inside the capsule.
- **Collumela**: This is the central column within the capsule that helps in the distribution of nutrients.
- **Thika**: This is the region where the spores are formed, located in the middle of the capsule.
- **Apophysis**: This is the basal part of the capsule that aids in the conduction of water and minerals from the seta to the thika.

4. **Role of the Annulus**: The annulus is a thick-walled structure located at the upper part of the peristome. Its primary function is to separate the operculum from the thika. This separation is crucial for the effective dispersal of spores when the operculum is removed.

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the annulus of the moss capsule separates the operculum from the thika.

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