According to Oparin, life originated as

Options

A. Self reproduction
B. God's desire
C. Effect of sunlight on mud
D. None of these

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Oparin's Hypothesis**: Oparin proposed that life originated from simple organic molecules that formed in the early Earth's environment.

2. **Composition of Early Earth**: According to Oparin, the early Earth had a mixture of gases such as methane, ammonia, water vapor, and hydrogen. These gases are crucial for the formation of organic compounds.

3. **Role of Energy Sources**: Oparin suggested that energy sources like lightning played a significant role in facilitating chemical reactions among these gases, leading to the formation of organic molecules.

4. **Formation of Organic Molecules**: The reactions among the gases resulted in the creation of organic molecules in the oceans, which Oparin referred to as a "hot dilute soup." This term reflects the idea that organic compounds were present in a watery environment but in relatively low concentrations compared to water.

5. **Evolution of Organic Molecules**: Over time, these organic molecules underwent further reactions and transformations, leading to the formation of more complex structures such as amino acids and nucleic acids.

6. **Emergence of Life**: Eventually, these complex organic molecules combined to form the first simple cells, marking the origin of life from non-living chemical compounds.

7. **Conclusion**: Oparin's theory does not support the idea of life originating from self-reproduction, divine intervention, or the direct effect of sunlight on mud. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is "none of these."

**Final Answer**: According to Oparin, life originated as "none of these."

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