On based temperature plants are classified by

Options

A. Warming
B. Clement
C. Haeckel
D. Raunkiaer

Explanation

To classify plants based on temperature, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Classification Basis**:
Plants are classified based on their adaptations to temperature. This classification considers how different plants respond to varying temperature conditions in their environment.

2. **Identify Key Classifications**:
The classification of plants based on temperature includes categories such as:
- **Thermophiles**: Plants that thrive in high temperatures.
- **Cryophytes**: Plants that grow in cold environments.
- **Mesophytes**: Plants that prefer moderate temperatures.

3. **Refer to Historical Classification**:
In 1934, Ruked proposed a classification system for terrestrial plants based on their adaptations to temperature. This classification is significant as it highlights the morphological adaptations that plants develop in response to their thermal environment.

4. **Consider the Role of Parenating Birds**:
Ruked's classification also takes into account the position of parenating birds (the birds that help in pollination and seed dispersal) and the degree of protection plants have during adverse conditions. This indicates that temperature adaptations are not just about heat tolerance but also involve ecological interactions.

5. **Conclude with the Correct Answer**:
Based on the classification by Ruked, the correct answer to the question is option number four: Ruked.