In a food web, each successive trophic level has

Options

A. Increased total energy
B. Less total energy content
C. More total energy content
D. Non estimated energy content

Explanation

To answer the question, "In a food web, each successive trophic level has," we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Trophic Levels**:
- Trophic levels refer to the different levels in a food web where organisms obtain energy. The primary producers (like plants) are at the first trophic level, followed by primary consumers (herbivores), secondary consumers (carnivores), and so on.

2. **Energy Transfer in Ecosystems**:
- In any ecosystem, energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next. However, not all energy is passed on; a significant amount is lost at each level due to metabolic processes, heat, and other activities.

3. **The 10% Rule of Lindeman**:
- According to the 10% rule proposed by Lindeman, only about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is transferred to the next. This means that if a primary producer has a certain amount of energy, only 10% of that energy will be available to the primary consumer that feeds on it.

4. **Energy Loss at Each Level**:
- As energy moves up the trophic levels (from producers to consumers), approximately 90% of the energy is lost at each step. Therefore, each successive trophic level has less energy available than the one before it.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the 10% rule and the understanding of energy transfer, we can conclude that in a food web, each successive trophic level has less total energy content compared to the previous level.

### Final Answer:
In a food web, each successive trophic level has **less total energy content**.

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