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The stable bivalency of Pb and trivalenc...

The stable bivalency of Pb and trivalency of Bi is

A

Due to d contraction in Pb and Bi

B

Due to relativistic contraction of the 6s orbitals of Pb and Bi, leading to inert pair effect

C

Due to screening effect

D

Due to attainment of noble configuration

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
B
In the last element of the group, after the removal of electrons from p- orbitals, the remaining `ns^2` electrons behave like stable noble gas and do not take part in compound formation. This reluctance of the s- electron pair to take part in chemical combination is called inert pair effect. Thus, for the elements at the bottom of a group, lower oxidation state is more stable.
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