Which of the following is correct

Options

A. Evaporation of water causes an increase in disorder of the system
B. Melting of ice causes a decrease in randomness of the system
C. Condensation of steam causes an increase in disorder of the system
D. There is practically no change in the randomness of the system when water is evaporated

Explanation

To solve the question regarding which statement is correct about the changes in disorder (entropy) during various phase transitions, we will analyze each statement one by one.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Evaluate the First Statement:**
- **Statement:** Evaporation of water causes an increase in disorder of the system.
- **Analysis:** When water evaporates, it transitions from a liquid state to a gaseous state. In the gaseous state, the molecules are more spread out and have greater freedom of movement compared to the liquid state. This increase in molecular randomness indicates an increase in entropy.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

2. **Evaluate the Second Statement:**
- **Statement:** Melting of ice causes a decrease in randomness of the system.
- **Analysis:** Melting ice involves a transition from solid to liquid. In the solid state, molecules are closely packed and have limited movement, while in the liquid state, they have more freedom to move around. Therefore, the randomness (or entropy) increases during melting.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect**.

3. **Evaluate the Third Statement:**
- **Statement:** Condensation of steam causes an increase in disorder of the system.
- **Analysis:** Condensation is the process where steam (gas) converts back to water (liquid). In this process, the molecules move closer together, resulting in a decrease in randomness. Thus, the entropy decreases.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect**.

4. **Evaluate the Fourth Statement:**
- **Statement:** There is practically no change in the randomness of the system when water is evaporated.
- **Analysis:** As established in the first statement, evaporation does lead to a significant increase in randomness as water transitions from liquid to gas. Therefore, there is a notable change in entropy.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect**.

### Final Conclusion:
The only correct statement is the **first one**: "Evaporation of water causes an increase in disorder of the system."

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