In the late 18th century, smallpox was a widely spreading disease causing the death of several affected individuals in Britain. Edward Jenner, who pioneered the concept of vaccination, inoculated matter from the cowpox lesions of a dairymaid into an 8-year-old boy. Post-inoculation, the boy developed a mild fever, loss of appetite and discomfort but was better after a few days. Next, he was inoculated with matter from a smallpox lesion and he did not develop any disease.
(a) What form of immunity, now known, did Edward Jenner provide the boy with? Give a reason to support your answer.
(b) Describe the form/s of immunity that is provided when an individual is vaccinated/immunised? Use an appropriate example/s to justify your answer.