(a) Show steps to convert nitrobenzene to phenol.
(b) The table below shows the observation when sodium reacts with ethanol and phenol.

(i) The reaction in each case involves reduction of hydrogen ion by sodium. Write down an ionic reaction for both the cases.
(ii) Which is stronger acid- phenol or ethanol? Why?

(i) Write Cannizzaro reaction. (ii) Write aldol condensation. (iii) Why are aliphaticcarboxylic acids stronger than phenols?

Write three different chemical reactions showing the conversion of ethanoic acid to sodium ethanoate. Write balanced chemical equation in each case. Write the name of the reactants and the products other than ethanoic acid and sodium ethanoate in each case.

Write equation for the following chemical reactions : (i) Phenol reacts with Br_(2) in the presence of CS_(2) (ii) Ethanol is heated at 573 K in the presence of Cu .

How would you convert: (a) ethanol into ethene? (b) propanol into propanoic acid? ltbvrgt Name the process in each case and wirte the equations of the reaction involved

(a) Account for the following : (i) o-nitrophenol is more steam volatile than p-nitrophenol. (ii) t-butyl chloride on heating with sodium methoxide gives 2-methylpropene instead of t-butymethylether. (b) Write the reaction involved in the following: i) Reimer-Tiemann reaction (ii) Friedal-Crafts Alkylation of Phenol (c) Give simple chemical test to distinguish between Ethanol and Phenol.

Which has higher boiling point ? (I) Phenol (II) Benzenethiol b. Which has higer melting point ? (I) Hydroquinone (II) Catechel c. Explain the less solubility and lower boiling point of: (I) 0-Nitrophenol (II) 0-Hydroxy benzaldehyde (III) 0-Hydroxybenozioc acid (salicylic acid) compared with their p- and m- isomers. d. Which isomer (o, m-, or p) of hydroxy acetophenone is steam volatile ? e. Which of the following shows chelation ? (I) 0-Cresol (II) Oil of wintergreen (III) 0-lodo phenol (IV) 0-Fluoro phenol (V) 0-Cyano phenol f. Why are the dipole moments of phenol 1.7 D) and methanol (1.6 D) in opposite direction ? g. Why is the dipole moment of p-nitro phenol (5.0 D) is reater than of nitro benzene (4.0 D) or phenol ? h. Why is the (C----O) bond in alcohol larger than in phenol ? i. Compare the boiling points and water solubilities of phenol and toluene. j. Why are monophenolic compounds (e.g., cresols) are insoluble in H_(2)O ? k. Which is more soluble in H_(2)O : hexanol (I) or cyclohexanol (II) ?