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F Ltd was engaged in the business of food processing and selling its products under a popular brand. Lately, the business was expanding due to good quality and reasonable prices. Also with more people working, the market for processed food was increasing. New players were also coming to cash in on the new trend. In order to keep its market share in the short run, the company directed its existing workforce to work overtime. But this resulted in many problems. Due to increased pressure of work, the efficiency of the workers declined. Sometimes, the subordinates had to work for more than one superior resulting in declining efficiency. The divisions that were previously working on one product were also made to work on two or more products. This resulted in a lot of overlapping and wastage. The workers were becoming indisciplined. The spirit of teamwork, which had characterised the company previously, was beginning to wane. Workers were feeling cheated and initiative was declining. The quality of the products was beginning to decline and market share was on the verge of decrease. Actually, the company had implemented changes without creating the required infrastructure. Discuss the relevance of Taylor and Fayol's contribution in the contemporary business environment.

F Ltd was engaged in the business of food processing and selling its products under a popular brand. Lately, the business was expanding due to good quality and reasonable prices. Also with more people working, the market for processed food was increasing. New players were also coming to cash in on the new trend. In order to keep its market share in the short run, the company directed its existing workforce to work overtime. But this resulted in many problems. Due to increased pressure of work, the efficiency of the workers declined. Sometimes, the subordinates had to work for more than one superior resulting in declining efficiency. The divisions that were previously working on one product were also made to work on two or more products. This resulted in a lot of overlapping and wastage. The workers were becoming indisciplined. The spirit of teamwork, which had characterised the company previously, was beginning to wane. Workers were feeling cheated and initiative was declining. The quality of the products was beginning to decline and market share was on the verge of decrease. Actually, the company had implemented changes without creating the required infrastructure. Explain these principles in brief (i)Division of work (ii) Unity of command (iii) Unity of direction (vi) Discipline (v) Order (vi) Initiative (vii) Remuneration (viii) Esprit de corps

F Ltd was engaged in the business of food processing and selling its products under a popular brand. Lately, the business was expanding due to good quality and reasonable prices. Also with more people working, the market for processed food was increasing. New players were also coming to cash in on the new trend. In order to keep its market share in the short run, the company directed its existing workforce to work overtime. But this resulted in many problems. Due to increased pressure of work, the efficiency of the workers declined. Sometimes, the subordinates had to work for more than one superior resulting in declining efficiency. The divisions that were previously working on one product were also made to work on two or more products. This resulted in a lot of overlapping and wastage. The workers were becoming indisciplined. The spirit of teamwork, which had characterised the company previously, was beginning to wane. Workers were feeling cheated and initiative was declining. The quality of the products was beginning to decline and market share was on the verge of decrease. Actually, the company had implemented changes without creating the required infrastructure. Taylor's principles of scientific management and Fayol's principles of management are mutually complementary. Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.

F Ltd was engaged in the business of food processing and selling its products under a popular brand. Lately, the business was expanding due to good quality and reasonable prices. Also with more people working, the market for processed food was increasing. New players were also coming to cash in on the new trend. In order to keep its market share in the short run, the company directed its existing workforce to work overtime. But this resulted in many problems. Due to increased pressure of work, the efficiency of the workers declined. Sometimes, the subordinates had to work for more than one superior resulting in declining efficiency. The divisions that were previously working on one product were also made to work on two or more products. This resulted in a lot of overlapping and wastage. The workers were becoming indisciplined. The spirit of teamwork, which had characterised the company previously, was beginning to wane. Workers were feeling cheated and initiative was declining. The quality of the products was beginning to decline and market share was on the verge of decrease. Actually, the company had implemented changes without creating the required infrastructure. What steps should the company management take in relation to the above principles to restore the company to its past glory?

F' limited was engaged in the business of food processing and selling its products its products under a popular brand. Lately the business was expanding due to good quality and reasonable prices. Also with more people working the market processed food was increasing. New players were also coming to case jin on the new trend. In order to keep its market share in the short run the company directed its existing workforce to work overtime. But this resulted in many problems . Due to increased pressure of work the efficiency of the workers declined. Sometimes the subordinates had to work for more than one superior sreulting in declining efficiency. The divisions that were prviously working on one prodoct superior resulting in declining efficiency. The divisions that were previously work for than one superior resulting in declining efficiency. The divisions that were previously working on one product were also made to work on two or more products. This resulted in a lot overlapping and wastage. The spirit of teamwork, which had characterised the company, previously was beginning to wane. The quality of the products was beginning to decline and market share was on the verge of decrease. Actually the company had implemented changes without creating the required infrastructure. Identify and explain briefly any three principles of management given by Henri Fayol that were violated by the company.

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow. Screaming is exhibited by many animals, but no species uses this extreme vocalization in as many different contexts as humans. Though we're pretty good at recognizing a scream when we hear one, the wide variety of screams makes it difficult to pin down what defines them. To study screams is to probe the fuzzy boundary that separates humans from the rest of the animal kingdom. It is a way to explore our pre-linguistic past. Although we are fully symbolic creatures today, on occasion a trace of our primal selves bubbles to the surface in the form of a scream. Understanding its characteristics could improve the treatment of nonverbal patients, help fight crime, or simply make movies more frightening. But first scientists need to explain what makes a scream a scream. To that end, researchers at Emory University’s Bioacoustics Laboratory recruited 181 volunteers to listen to short recordings of 75 nonverbal human vocalizations, such as screams, laughter, and crying. For each of the 75 sounds, the volunteers were asked to indicate whether they thought it was a scream. The researchers then analyzed 28 acoustic signatures of the sounds, such as pitch, frequency, and timbre, to determine which parameters influence the perception of a sound as a scream. Most people would say that the defining characteristic of a scream is that it is a focused loud and highpitched, but previous scream research suggests otherwise. In 2015, David Poeppel, a neuroscientist at New York University and the Max Planck Institute, led a study to determine the acoustic qualities that differentiate fearful screams from other nonverbal vocalizations. To do this, Poeppel and his colleagues compiled a corpus of screams lifted from YouTube videos and ones recorded in their lab, then asked volunteers to rank them according to how alarming the sound was. Poeppel also imaged the brains of his volunteers as they listened to screams to see how these sounds affected neural activity. Why did Poeppel image the brains of his volunteers.

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow. Screaming is exhibited by many animals, but no species uses this extreme vocalization in as many different contexts as humans. Though we're pretty good at recognizing a scream when we hear one, the wide variety of screams makes it difficult to pin down what defines them. To study screams is to probe the fuzzy boundary that separates humans from the rest of the animal kingdom. It is a way to explore our pre-linguistic past. Although we are fully symbolic creatures today, on occasion a trace of our primal selves bubbles to the surface in the form of a scream. Understanding its characteristics could improve the treatment of nonverbal patients, help fight crime, or simply make movies more frightening. But first scientists need to explain what makes a scream a scream. To that end, researchers at Emory University’s Bioacoustics Laboratory recruited 181 volunteers to listen to short recordings of 75 nonverbal human vocalizations, such as screams, laughter, and crying. For each of the 75 sounds, the volunteers were asked to indicate whether they thought it was a scream. The researchers then analyzed 28 acoustic signatures of the sounds, such as pitch, frequency, and timbre, to determine which parameters influence the perception of a sound as a scream. Most people would say that the defining characteristic of a scream is that it is a focused loud and highpitched, but previous scream research suggests otherwise. In 2015, David Poeppel, a neuroscientist at New York University and the Max Planck Institute, led a study to determine the acoustic qualities that differentiate fearful screams from other nonverbal vocalizations. To do this, Poeppel and his colleagues compiled a corpus of screams lifted from YouTube videos and ones recorded in their lab, then asked volunteers to rank them according to how alarming the sound was. Poeppel also imaged the brains of his volunteers as they listened to screams to see how these sounds affected neural activity. Which of the following statement is false according to the given passage.