Nucleus|Atomic Mass Number|Size Of Nuclei|Nuclear Binding Energy

Nuclear Physics||Nucleus and Binding Energy

Nucleus-Its Size and radius||Density OF any Nucleus||Mass No||Atomic Number||Binding Energy

Size OF Nucleus||Density OF Nucleus|| Binding Energy OF Nucleus

Assertion: The nuclear energy can be obtained by the nuclear fission of heavier nuclei as well as by fusion of lighter nuclei. Reason: As the mass number increases, the binding energy per nucleon, first increases and then decreases.

All nuclei consist of two types of particles- protaon and neutrons. Nuclear force is the strongest froce. Stability of nucleus is determined by the neutron - proton ratio or mass defect or binding energy per nucleus or packing fraction. Shape of nucleus is calculated by quadrupole moment. Spin of nucleus depends on even or odd mass number. Volume of nucleus depends on the mass number. Whole mass of the atom (nearly 99 % ) is centered at the nucleus. Magnetic moment of the nucleus is measured in terms of the nuclear magnetons. Binding energy per nucleon is maximum.

A : Exothermic reactions are possible when two light nuclei fuse or when a heavy nucleus undergoes fission into intermediate mass nuclei. R: The nature of nuclear binding energy curve is such that it rises lighter nuclei and slightly decreasing for heavier nuclei.

(a) Draw a graph showing the variation of binding energy per nucleon (BE/A) vs mass number A for the nuclei in 20 le A le 170 . (b) A nucleus of mass number 240 and having binding energy/nucleon 7.6 MeV splits into two fragments Y, Z of mass numbers 110 and 130 respectively. If the binding energy/nucleon of Y, Z is equal to 8.5 MeV each, calculate the energy released in the nuclear reaction

The compound unstabel nucleus ._(92)^(236)U often decays in accordance with the following reaction ._(92)^(236)U rarr ._(54)^(140)Xe +._(38)^(94)Sr + other particles During the reaction, the uranium nucleus ''fissions'' (splits) into the two smaller nuceli have higher nuclear binding energy per nucleon (although the lighter nuclei have lower total nuclear binding energies, because they contain fewer nucleons). Inside a nucleus, the nucleons (protonsa and neutrons)attract each other with a ''strong nuclear'' force. All neutrons exert approxiamtely the same strong nuclear force on each other. This force holds the nuclear are very close together at intranuclear distances. Which of the following graphs might represent the relationship between atomic number (i.e., ''atomic weight'') and the total binding energy of the nucleus, for nuclei heavier than ._(38)^(94)Sr ?