Out of phenol and benzene, which can be more easily nitrated ?

Nitration is an example of aromatic electrophilic substitution and its rate depends upon the group already present in the benzene ring. Out of benzene and phenol, which one is more easily nitrated and why ?

Phenol to Benzene

Out of phenol and phenate ion, which is more resonance stabilised?

Out of vinyl chloride and ethyl chloride which is more easily hydrolysed?

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which is the best substitute of the phrase. That which can be easily believed