Given below are two statements :
Statement I : Most of the mass of the atom and all its positive charge are concentrated in a tiny nucleus and the electrons revolve around it, is Rutherford’s model.
Statement II : An atom is a spherical cloud of positive charges with electrons embedded in it, is a special case of Rutherford’s model.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate from the options given below.

Options

A. Both statement I and statement II are false
B. Statement I is false but statement II is true
C. Statement I is true but statement II is false
D. Both statement I and statement II are true

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze both statements regarding atomic models and determine their validity.

### Step 1: Analyze Statement I
Statement I claims that "Most of the mass of the atom and all its positive charge are concentrated in a tiny nucleus and the electrons revolve around it." This statement describes Rutherford's model of the atom accurately. Rutherford's experiment led to the conclusion that atoms consist of a dense nucleus surrounded by electrons.

**Conclusion for Statement I**: True.

### Step 2: Analyze Statement II
Statement II states that "An atom is a spherical cloud of positive charges with electrons embedded in it." This description resembles the Thomson model (also known as the "plum pudding model"), where positive charge is spread throughout the atom, and electrons are embedded within this cloud. However, this is not a special case of Rutherford's model. Instead, it contradicts Rutherford's findings, which showed that the positive charge is concentrated in a nucleus.

**Conclusion for Statement II**: False.

### Step 3: Determine the Overall Truth
From our analysis:
- Statement I is true.
- Statement II is false.

### Final Conclusion
The correct option based on the analysis is that Statement I is true and Statement II is false.

### Answer
The correct choice is option 3.

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