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The current in a conductor is expressed ...

The current in a conductor is expressed as `I = 3t^2 + 4t^3`, where I is in Ampere and t is in second. The amount of electric charge that flows through a section of the conductor during t = 1s to t = 2s is ____________ C.

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To find the amount of electric charge that flows through a section of the conductor from \( t = 1 \, \text{s} \) to \( t = 2 \, \text{s} \), we start with the given expression for current: \[ I = 3t^2 + 4t^3 \] ### Step 1: Relate current to charge The relationship between current \( I \) and charge \( Q \) is given by: \[ I = \frac{dQ}{dt} \] This means that the charge \( Q \) can be found by integrating the current with respect to time \( t \): \[ Q = \int I \, dt \] ### Step 2: Set up the integral We need to find the charge that flows from \( t = 1 \, \text{s} \) to \( t = 2 \, \text{s} \). Therefore, we set up the integral: \[ Q = \int_{1}^{2} (3t^2 + 4t^3) \, dt \] ### Step 3: Integrate the current expression Now we will integrate the expression \( 3t^2 + 4t^3 \): \[ \int (3t^2 + 4t^3) \, dt = \int 3t^2 \, dt + \int 4t^3 \, dt \] Calculating the integrals separately: 1. \( \int 3t^2 \, dt = 3 \cdot \frac{t^3}{3} = t^3 \) 2. \( \int 4t^3 \, dt = 4 \cdot \frac{t^4}{4} = t^4 \) Combining these results, we have: \[ \int (3t^2 + 4t^3) \, dt = t^3 + t^4 \] ### Step 4: Evaluate the definite integral Now we evaluate this from \( t = 1 \) to \( t = 2 \): \[ Q = \left[ t^3 + t^4 \right]_{1}^{2} = \left( 2^3 + 2^4 \right) - \left( 1^3 + 1^4 \right) \] Calculating the limits: - Upper limit: \( 2^3 + 2^4 = 8 + 16 = 24 \) - Lower limit: \( 1^3 + 1^4 = 1 + 1 = 2 \) Thus, we have: \[ Q = 24 - 2 = 22 \, \text{C} \] ### Final Answer The amount of electric charge that flows through the section of the conductor during the time interval from \( t = 1 \, \text{s} \) to \( t = 2 \, \text{s} \) is: \[ \boxed{22 \, \text{C}} \]
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