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(a)Which chemical substances is present ...

(a)Which chemical substances is present as enamel on the surface of the teeth ?
(b)Traces of fluoride ions `(F^-)` in drinking water (about 1 ppm) greatly reduce the incidence dental cavities (tooth decay ) . What is the reason for reduction in cavities ?

Text Solution

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(a)The chemical substance present as enamel on the surface of the teeth is `3 Ca_3(PO_4)_2 . Ca(OH)_2`
(b)The fluoride ions `(F^-)` convert to enamel to much harder `3Ca_3(PO_4)_2. CaF_2` . Hence, the incidence cavities is greatly reduced.
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The recommended concentration of fluoride ion in drinking water is up to 1 ppm as fluoride ion is required to make teeth enamel harder by converting [3Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2).Ca(OH)_(2)]

Assertion : Soluable fluoride is often added to drinking water to bring its concentration up to 1 ppm. Reason : F^(-) ion concentration above 2 ppm causes brown mottling of teeth.