A few statements regarding adaptations in organisms are given below. Go through these statements.
I. Mimicry is an example of short term adaptation.
II. Short term adaptations are though temporary changes but are inherited in the next generation.
III. Aestivation is an example of long -term adaptation.
IV. Adaptations tend to enhance survival in the environment.
Select the alternative having all true statements.

Options

A. II and III
B. II and IV
C. Only IV
D. I, II and III

Answer

To solve the question regarding adaptations in organisms, we need to analyze each of the given statements one by one to determine their validity.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Statement I: "Mimicry is an example of short-term adaptation."**
- **Analysis:** Mimicry refers to the phenomenon where an organism resembles another organism or object to avoid predation. This is not a short-term adaptation; rather, it is a long-term evolutionary trait that has developed over generations to enhance survival.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **false**.

2. **Statement II: "Short-term adaptations are though temporary changes but are inherited in the next generation."**
- **Analysis:** Short-term adaptations, such as physiological changes in response to environmental stressors, are indeed temporary. However, the key point here is that adaptations, by definition, are traits that can be inherited. Therefore, even if they are short-term, they can still have a genetic basis and be passed to the next generation.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **true**.

3. **Statement III: "Aestivation is an example of long-term adaptation."**
- **Analysis:** Aestivation is a state of dormancy that some organisms enter during hot or dry periods to conserve water and energy. This is a temporary response to environmental conditions, not a long-term adaptation. When conditions improve, the organism becomes active again.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **false**.

4. **Statement IV: "Adaptations tend to enhance survival in the environment."**
- **Analysis:** This statement is a fundamental definition of adaptations. Adaptations are traits that improve an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **true**.

### Final Evaluation:
Based on the analysis:
- Statement I: False
- Statement II: True
- Statement III: False
- Statement IV: True

The correct alternative that includes all true statements is **II and IV**.