Which of the following disease shows the blockage of kidney tubules and causes severe back pain

Options

A. Renal calculi
B. Urermia
C. Kidney failure
D. Nephritis

Answer

A

Explanation

Out of the options given, descerding limb of Henle's loop is permeable to water, i.e. water gets reabsorbed here due to increasing osmolarity of interstitial fluid, but it is impermeable to salts, i.e. sodium and electrolytes. While, the other given options can be corrected as
(i) Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) It reabsorbs nearly all essential nutrients, electrolytes and water
(ii) Ascending limb of loop of Henle It is impermeable to water but permeable to `K^(+), Cl^(+), Na^(+)` and partially permeable to urea.
(iii) Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT) It is responsible for reabsorption of water, sodium and secretion of hydrogen and potassium.