Vasantha is a domestic help (or maid) working at Mrs. Sharma's home. One day Vasantha complained to Mrs. Sharma that she had difficulty in reading the letter which she had received from her parents. Mrs. Sharma, realising that Vasantha had an eye defect, look her to an eye-specialist doctor. The doctor tested her eyes carefully and told Vasantha to wear spectacles for Vasantha. By wearing these spectacles, Vasantha could read and write easily. She was very happy and thanked Mrs. Sharma.
(a) What could be the eye-defect Vasantha was suffering from ?
(b) What could be the eye-defect reasons responsible for her eye-defect.
(c) What type of lenses do you think doctor recommended for Vasantha's spectacles ? Why ?
(d) Do you think Vasantha has to wear the spectacles all the time ? Give reason for your answer.
(e) What values are displayed by Mrs. Sharma in this episode ?

Explanation

(i) Arjun expressed values by suggesting that medicines cure the disease by eliminating its cause and not by controlling only its symptoms. Eno, on the other hand, controls only symptoms but not the cause.
(ii) Acidity is caused by the substance called histamine. It interacts with the receptors present in the stomach wall and stimulates the release of hydrochloric acid.
(iii) Eno is a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid with only a small amount of anhydrous sodium carbonate. When the Eno salt is dissolved in water, it releases `CO_2` which neutralises the excess acid thereby removing acidity
(iv) The medicines used to cure acidity are called antacids. An important example of an antacid is ranitidine. It prevents the interaction of histamine with the receptors present in the stomach wall. As a result, less hydrochloric acid is released and the problem of hyperacidity is controlled