Ankit's grandfather is not only obses but he is also a diabetic patient. Seeing this fondness for sweets, Ankit suggested him to replace sugar with artificial sweeteners. After frw days, Ankit observed a controlled leavel of sugar in his grandfather. Answer the following :
(i) What are artificial sweteners ?
(ii) What are articdicial sweetners ?
(iii) Give two examples of artificial sweeteners ?
(iv) Name an artificial sweetnener which is unstable at cooking temperature.

Explanation

(i) Raghay expressed concern about the health and well being of his grandfather because sugar affects the functioning of the vital organs, i.e., heart, liver and kidney of the body.
(ii)Saccharin is the artificial sweetener recommended for diabetic patients. It is not metabolized and do not have any calorific value of food. It is secreted as such in urine.
(iii)Aspartame is the methyl ester of the dipeptide derived from the two amino acids: phenylalanine and aspartic acid.
Advantages. It is roughly 100 times as sweet as sucrose. Therefore, only a small amount is required
Disadvantages. People suffering from the disease phenylketonuria cannot use aspartame since the metabolism causes the conversion of aspartame to phenylpyruvic acid. Accumulation of phenylpyruvic acid is harmful especially in infants due to brain damage and mental retardation