State the meaning of functional group in a carbon compound. Write the functional group present in (i) ethanol and (ii) ethanoic acid and also draw their structures.

Explanation

An 'atom' or 'a group of atoms' which makes a carbon compound reactive and decides its properties (or functions) is called a functional group.
(i) Ethanol`rarr`Alcohol group (-OH)
(ii) Ethanoic acid`rarr` carboxyclic acid group (-COOH)
`H-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C) -underset("Ehtanol")underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C)-O-H" "H-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C)-underset("Ehtanoic acid")underset(OH)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)C=0`