How do organisms , whether reproduced asexually or sexually maintain a constant chromosome number through several generations ? Explain with the help of suitable example.

Explanation

`*` When organisms reproduce asexually, a basic event in reproduction is the creation of two copies of the DNA in a reproducing cell, and they will need to be separated from each other. However, keeping one copy of DNA in the original cell and simply pushing the other one out would not work, because the copy pushed out would not have any organised cellular structure for maintaining life processes. Therefore, DNA copying is accompanied by the creation of an additional cellular apparatus , and then DNA copies separate, each with its own cellular apparatus. Effectively a cell divides to give rise to two cells. Thus, chromosome number remains unchanged . For example, reproduction of amoeba by binary fission.
`*` In sexual reproduction , organisms produce gametes through type of division, meiosis-reductional division, in which the orginal number of chromosomes becomes half. These two then combine to form the zygote and the orginal number of chromosomes is restored as in the case of human beings.