9.17 Anvils made of single crystals of diamond, with the shape as shown in Fig. 9.14, are used to investigate behaviour of materials under very high pressures Fiat faces at the narrow end of the anvil have a diameter of 0.50 mm, and the wide ends are subjected to a compressional force of 50,000 N. What is the pressure at the tip of the anvil? Diamond cones -Metal gasket Fig. 9.14

Anvils made of single crystals of diamond, with the shape as shown in figure, are used to investigate behaviour of materials under very high pressures. Flat faces at the narrow end of the anvil have a diameter of 0.50 mm, and the wide ends are subjected to a compressional force of 50,000 N. What is the pressure at the tip of the anvil ?

Anvils made of single crystal of diamond , with shape as shown in fig. are used to investigate behaviour of materials under very high pressure. Flat faces at the narrow end of the anvil have a diameter of 0.5 mm, and the wide ends are subjected to a compressional force of 50,000 N. What is the pressure at the tip of the anvil?

Anvils made of single crystal of diamond , with shape as shown in fig. are used to investigate behaviour of materials under very high pressure. Flat faces at the narrow end of the anvil have a diameter of 0.5 mm, and the wide ends are subjected to a compressional force of 50,000 N. What is the pressure at the tip of the anvil?

When a sound wave enters the ear, it sets the eardrum into oscillation, which in turn causes oscillation of 3 tiny bones in the middle ear called ossicles. This oscillation is finally transmitted to the fluid filled in inner portion of the ear termed as inner ear, the motion of the fluid disturbs hair cells within the inner ear which transmit nerve impulses to the brain with the information that a sound is present. The theree bones present in the middle ear are named as hammer, anvil and stirrup. Out of these the stirrup is the smallest one and this only connects the middle ear to inner ear as shown in the figure below. The area of stirrup and its extent of connection with the inner ear limits the sensitivity of the human ear consider a person's ear whose moving part of the eardrum has an area of about 50mm^2 and the area of stirrup is about 5mm^2 . The mass of ossicles is negligible. As a result, force exerted by sound wave in air on eardum and ossicles is same as the force exerted by ossicles on the inner ear. Consider a sound wave having maximum pressure fluctuation of 4xx10^-2Pa from its normal equilibrium pressure value which is equal to 10^5Pa . Frequency of sound wave in air is 332(m)/(s) . Velocity of sound wave in fluid (present in inner ear) is 1500(m)/(s) . Bulk modulus of air is 1.42xx10^5Pa . Bulk modulus of fluid is 2.18xx10^9Pa . Q. If the person is using an hearing aid, which increase the sound intensity level by 30 dB, then by what factor the intensity of given sound wave change as perceived by inner ear?

When a sound wave enters the ear, it sets the eardrum into oscillation, which in turn causes oscillation of 3 tiny bones in the middle ear called ossicles. This oscillation is finally transmitted to the fluid filled in inner portion of the ear termed as inner ear, the motion of the fluid disturbs hair cells within the inner ear which transmit nerve impulses to the brain with the information that a sound is present. The theree bones present in the middle ear are named as hammer, anvil and stirrup. Out of these the stirrup is the smallest one and this only connects the middle ear to inner ear as shown in the figure below. The area of stirrup and its extent of connection with the inner ear limits the sensitivity of the human ear consider a person's ear whose moving part of the eardrum has an area of about 50mm^2 and the area of stirrup is about 5mm^2 . The mass of ossicles is negligible. As a result, force exerted by sound wave in air on eardum and ossicles is same as the force exerted by ossicles on the inner ear. Consider a sound wave having maximum pressure fluctuation of 4xx10^-2Pa from its normal equilibrium pressure value which is equal to 10^5Pa . Frequency of sound wave in air is 332(m)/(s) . Velocity of sound wave in fluid (present in inner ear) is 1500(m)/(s) . Bulk modulus of air is 1.42xx10^5Pa . Bulk modulus of fluid is 2.18xx10^9Pa . Q. If the person is using an hearing aid, which increase the intensity of given sound wave change as perceived by inner ear?