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Explain the phenomenon of surface tensio...

Explain the phenomenon of surface tension on the basis molecular theory.

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**Step-by-Step Text Solution:** 1. **Understanding Surface Tension**: Surface tension is a physical property of liquids that causes them to behave as if their surface is covered with a stretched elastic membrane. This phenomenon arises due to the cohesive forces between liquid molecules. 2. **Molecular Arrangement**: In a liquid, molecules are closely packed and interact with each other through attractive forces. These forces are known as cohesive forces. 3. **Molecules at the Surface**: Consider a liquid in a container. Molecules inside the liquid (like molecule A) are surrounded by other molecules on all sides. The cohesive forces acting on them are balanced, resulting in no net force acting on them. ...
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Knowledge Check

  • The phenomenon of surface tension exhibited liquids is due to

    A
    electrons
    B
    atoms
    C
    molecules
    D
    gravity

  • Surface tension of a liquid is a molecular phenomenon of liquids involving the force of cohension along the liquid molecules. It is scalar quantity and is numberically equal to the surface energy. Numerically, it is proved that the potential soluble salts and surfce active substance. Sparingly soluble salts and surface acitve substances decrease the surface tension of the liquid. However, the fairly soluble solutes increase the surface tension of the liquid. Surface tension of a liquid is independent of surface area but it depends on the intemolecular forces and the temperature. Surface tension of a liquid does not depend on :

    A
    temperature
    B
    intermolecular forces
    C
    surface area
    D
    solute dissolved in liquid.

  • Surface tension of a liquid is a molecular phenomenon of liquids involving the force of cohension along the liquid molecules. It is scalar quantity and is numberically equal to the surface energy. Numerically, it is proved that the potential soluble salts and surfce active substance. Sparingly soluble salts and surface acitve substances decrease the surface tension of the liquid. However, the fairly soluble solutes increase the surface tension of the liquid. Surface tension of a liquid is independent of surface area but it depends on the intemolecular forces and the temperature. Which of the following has the highest surface tension ?

    A
    Water
    B
    Soap in water
    C
    Detergent in water
    D
    Glycerol in water.

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    Surface tension of a liquid is a molecular phenomenon of liquids involving the force of cohension along the liquid molecules. It is scalar quantity and is numberically equal to the surface energy. Numerically, it is proved that the potential soluble salts and surfce active substance. Sparingly soluble salts and surface acitve substances decrease the surface tension of the liquid. However, the fairly soluble solutes increase the surface tension of the liquid. Surface tension of a liquid is independent of surface area but it depends on the intemolecular forces and the temperature. Which among the following is not the unit of surface tension ?

    Surface tension of a liquid is a molecular phenomenon of liquids involving the force of cohension along the liquid molecules. It is scalar quantity and is numberically equal to the surface energy. Numerically, it is proved that the potential soluble salts and surfce active substance. Sparingly soluble salts and surface acitve substances decrease the surface tension of the liquid. However, the fairly soluble solutes increase the surface tension of the liquid. Surface tension of a liquid is independent of surface area but it depends on the intemolecular forces and the temperature. Whenoil is placed on the surface of hot water, formation of droplets takes place because :

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