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What is crystal field splitting?...

What is crystal field splitting?

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**Step-by-Step Text Solution:** 1. **Definition of Crystal Field Splitting**: Crystal field splitting refers to the phenomenon where the degenerate (equal energy) d-orbitals of a transition metal ion experience a change in energy levels when surrounded by ligands in a coordination complex. 2. **Degenerate Orbitals**: In an isolated transition metal atom, the five d-orbitals (dxy, dyz, dxz, dx2-y2, dz2) have the same energy level. This is referred to as being degenerate. 3. **Effect of Ligands**: When ligands approach the metal ion, they create an electric field that interacts with the d-orbitals. This interaction causes the energy levels of these orbitals to split into two or more groups with different energies. ...
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