Define biofertilizer. Give two types of fungal biofertilizers.

Explanation

1. Biofertilizers: The fertolizers that are obtained from microbes like bacteria and fungi are called biofertilizers. They are mostly nitrogen fixing microbes.
2. Two types of fungal biofertilizer. There are two types of mycorrhiza viz. ectomucorrhiza and endomycorrhiza.
2. Ectomycorrhizae possess well developed mycelia which form a mantle outside the root. Owing to this the surface area of the roots increases resulting in acceleration of nutrient and water uptake.
3. The hyphae of endomycorrhiza penetrate the cells of root and form vesicles or finely branced arbuscles called VAM or Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza. The plant with VAM shows luxuriant growth even in less irrigated lands.