Describe any two applications of tissue culture technique.

Explanation

Two applications of tissue culture technique :
(1) Production of secondary metabolites : Many useful secondary metabolites can be produced with the help of tissue culture technique. These include enzymes, alkaloids, allergens, hormones and antitumour agents. Below is given a list of plants and the secondary metabolites which they produce:
`{:(" Plants"," Secondary metabolites"),("1."" Catharanthus roseus",-" Vincristin and vinblastin"),("2."" Daucus carota",-" Anthocyanin"),("3."" Mentha piperata ",-" Menthol"),("4."" Nicotiana tabacum",-" Nicotine"):}`
(2) Somatic hybridization : The protoplasts of two different plants can be fused with the help of fusogenic agents like PEG (Polyethylene glycol). A new variety of plant can be produced by this method, e.g., Raphanobrassica (Raphanus + Brassica) and Pomato (Potato+ Tomato).