Explain ABO blood group system in human being with a suitable chart.

Explanation

(1) In ABO system, the blood groups are determined by the antigen present on the surface of red blood cells.
(2) The blood groups are of four types, viz. A, B, AB and O.
(3) In person with blood group A there is antigen 'A' on the surface of their red blood cells (RBCs) and antibodies 'b' in their plasma.
(4) In person with blood group B there is antigen 'B' on the surface of their red blood cells (RBCs) and antibodies 'a' in their plasma.
(5) In person with blood group AB there are both antigens 'A' and 'B' on the surface of their RBCs and no antibodies in their plasma.
(6) In person with blood group 'O' there are no antigens 'A' and 'B' on the surface of their RBCs but have both 'a' and 'b' antibodies in their plasma.
(7) During blood transfusion compatibility of blood has to be taken into consideration. The donor donates the blood and the recipient receives the blood from the donor.
(8) Person with 'O' blood group is called universal donor while the person With 'AB' blood group is called universal recipient. Individuals with blood group O can donate blood to anyone, while those individuals with blood group AB can receive blood from any person.