Explain the factors affecting the value of g .

Explanation

The value of the acceleration due to gravity, g, changes from place to place on the earth. It also varies with the altitude and depth below the earth's surface. The factors affecting the value of g are the shape of the earth, altitude and depth bleow the earth's surface.
(1) The earth is not perfectly spherical. it is somewhat flat at the poles and bulging at the equator. At the surface of the earth, the value of g is maximum (` 9.832 m//s^(2))` at the poles as the polar radius is minimum , while it is minimum `(9.78 m//s^(2))` at the equator as the equatorial radius is maximum.
(2) As teh height (h) above the earth,s surface increases, the value of g decreases. it varies as `1/((R+h)^(2)) ` where R is radius of the earth.
(3) In the interior of the earth, on the average, the value of g is less than that at the earth,s surface. As the depth below the earth's surface increases, the value of g decreases and finally it becomes zero at the centre of the earth.