For any statements p, show that .
` (i) p vee ~ p` is a tautology , ( ii) ` p ^^ ~ p` is a contradiction

Explanation

The truth table of `p vee ~ p and p ^^ ~ p` is as given below :

Clearly, `( p vee ~p )` is always false, So, `p vee ~ p` is a tautology and ` p ^^ ~p` is a contration.