Write a short note on the discovery of neutron.

Explanation

1. Bothe and Becker found that when beryllium is bombarded with `alpha` - particles of energy 5MeV, which emitted a highly penetrating radiation.
2. The equation for above process can be writtent as
`._(4)^(9)Be + ._(2)^(4)He rarr ._(6)^(13)C+gamma` - (radiation energy)
3. The radiations are not effected by electric and magnetic fields.
4. In 1932, James Chadwick, had subjected nitrogen and argon to the beryllium radiation. He interpreted the experimental results by assuming that the radiation is of a new kind of particles which has no charge and its mass is equal to proton. These neutral particles were named as 'neutrons'. Thus the neutron was discovered.
5. The experimantal results can be represented by the following equation.
`._(4)^(9)Be+ ._(2)^(4)He rarr ._(6)^(12)C + ._(0)^(1)n + Q`