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Scientists are working hard to develop n...

Scientists are working hard to develop nuclear fusion reactor Nuclei of heavy hydrogen, `_(1)^(2)H` , known as deuteron and denoted by `D`, can be thought of as a candidate for fusion rector . The `D-D` reaction is `_(1)^(2) H + _(1)^(2) H rarr _(2)^(1) He + n+` energy. In the core of fusion reactor, a gas of heavy hydrogen of `_(1)^(2) H` is fully ionized into deuteron nuclei and electrons. This collection of `_1^2H` nuclei and electrons is known as plasma . The nuclei move randomly in the reactor core and occasionally come close enough for nuclear fusion to take place. Usually , the temperature in the reactor core are too high and no material will can be used to confine the to plasma for a time `t_(0)` before the particles fly away from the core. If `n` is the density (number volume ) of deuterons , the product` nt_(0) `is called Lawson number. In one of the criteria , a reactor is termed successful if Lawson number is greater then `5 xx 10^(14) s//cm^(2)`
it may be helpfull to use the following boltzmann constant
`lambda = 8.6 xx 10^(-5)eV//k, (e^(2))/(4 pi s_(0)) = 1.44 xx 10^(-9) eVm`
In the core of nucleus fusion reactor , the gas become plasma because of

A

strong nuclear force acting between the deutrons

B

Coulomb force acting between the deutrons

C

Coulomb force acting between deuteron-electron pairs

D

the high pairs temperature maintained inside the reactor core

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
D
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Knowledge Check

  • Scienists are working hard to develop inclear fusion reactor Nocies of heavy hydrogen, _(1)^(2)H , known as deuteron and denoted by D , can be thought of as a candidate for fusion rector . The D-D reaction is _(1)^(2) H + _(1)^(2) H rarr _(2)^(1) He + n+ energy in the core of fasion reactor a gas of heavy hydrogen of _(1)^(2) H nucles and electrons is know as plasma . The nuclei move randonity in the reactor to take place Unally , the temperature in the reactor core are too ligh and to natrual will can be used to confine the to pleama for a time l_(0) before the particles by away from the case if n is the denasity (number volume ) of determines , the product nt_(0) is called Lavson number in one of the criteria , a reactor is termed successful if Lawson number is greater then 5 xx 10^(14) s//cm^(2) it may be helpfull to use the following botczmann constant lambda = 8.6 xx 10^(-5)eV//k, (e^(2))/(4 pi s_(0)) = 1.44 xx 10^(-9) eVm Result of calulations for fopur different desine of a fasion reactor using D-D reaction are given below which of these is most promising based on Lawson crierion ?

    A
    deuteron density `= 2.0 xx 10^(12) cm^(-3)`,
    confinement time `= 5.0 xx 10^(-3)s`
    B
    deuteron density `= 8.0 xx 10^(14) cm^(-3)`,
    confinement time `= 9.0 xx 10^(-1)s`
    C
    deuteron density `= 4.0 xx 10^(23) cm^(-3)`,
    confinement time `= 1.0 xx 10^(-11)s`
    D
    deuteron density `= 1.0 xx 10^(24) cm^(-3)`
    confinement time `= 4.0 xx 10^(-12)s`
  • Scienists are working hard to develop inclear fusion reactor Nocies of heavy hydrogen, _(1)^(2)H , known as deuteron and denoted by D , can be thought of as a candidate for fusion rector . The D-D reaction is _(1)^(2) H + _(1)^(2) H rarr _(2)^(1) He + n+ energy in the core of fasion reactor a gas of heavy hydrogen of _(1)^(2) H nucles and electrons is know as plasma . The nuclei move randonity in the reactor to take place Unally , the temperature in the reactor core are too ligh and to natrual will can be used to confine the to pleama for a time l_(0) before the particles by away from the case if n is the denasity (number volume ) of determines , the product nt_(0) is called Lavson number in one of the criteria , a reactor is termed successful if Lawson number is greater then 5 xx 10^(14) s//cm^(2) it may be helpfull to use the following botczmann constant lambda = 8.6 xx 10^(-5)eV//k, (e^(2))/(4 pi s_(0)) = 1.44 xx 10^(-9) eVm in the cure of nucleus fusion reactor , the gas become plasma because of

    A
    strong nucleus force acting between the deuterons
    B
    coulomb force acting between the deuterons
    C
    coulmb force acting between deuteron - ecectron pairs
    D
    the hight temperature maintained inside the reactor
  • Scienists are working hard to develop inclear fusion reactor Nocies of heavy hydrogen, _(1)^(2)H , known as deuteron and denoted by D , can be thought of as a candidate for fusion rector . The D-D reaction is _(1)^(2) H + _(1)^(2) H rarr _(2)^(1) He + n+ energy in the core of fasion reactor a gas of heavy hydrogen of _(1)^(2) H nucles and electrons is know as plasma . The nuclei move randonity in the reactor to take place Unally , the temperature in the reactor core are too ligh and to natrual will can be used to confine the to pleama for a time l_(0) before the particles by away from the case if n is the denasity (number volume ) of determines , the product nt_(0) is called Lavson number in one of the criteria , a reactor is termed successful if Lawson number is greater then 5 xx 10^(14) s//cm^(2) it may be helpfull to use the following botczmann constant lambda = 8.6 xx 10^(-5)eV//k, (e^(2))/(4 pi s_(0)) = 1.44 xx 10^(-9) eVm Assume that two deuteron nuclei in the core of fasion reactor at temperacture energy T are moving toward each other, each with kinectic energy 1.5 kT , whenn the seperation between them is large enogh to leglect coulomb potential energy . Also neglate any interaction from other particle in the core . The minimum temperature T required for them to reach a separation of 4 xx 10^(-15) m is in the range

    A
    `1.0 xx 10^(9) K lt T lt 2. 0 xx 10^(9) K`
    B
    `2.0 xx 10^(9) K lt T lt 3.0 xx 10^(9) K`
    C
    `3.0 xx 10^(9) K lt T lt 4.0 xx 10^(9) K`
    D
    `4.0 xx 10^(9) K lt T lt 5.0 xx 10^(9) K`
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