Tendency to exhibit ` +2` oxidation state increases with increasing atomic mumber among gropup `14` elements . Explain.

Explanation

Due to inert paire effect Ga, Sm and `Pb` exhilbits two different oxidation states manmely `+2` and `+4` down the froup `(narr)` as the number of lessre shielding -d and (or) f-elctrons increases the tendency to show inert parie effect also inceasews ,Hence the tendecy to show the lower oxdiation state `+2` increases with increasing atomic number :
`G a lt Sn lt Pb` .