Statement`:` Initially the term pseudo`-`solid was given for solids which were easily distorted by bending and compressing forces. They even tend to flow slowly under its own weight and lose shape. Explanation `:` These, characteristics are shown by pseudo`-`solids as in pitch, glass and thus the name pseudo`-`solid was replaced by super `-` cooled liquids.
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On fusion of a mixture of Na-2CO_3 and CaCO_3 with silica at 1500^@C , a liquid consisting of silicatees of sdium and calcium is formed. On cooling . Liquid become viscous and eventually ceasesto flow . It becomes solid and is known as flass. By varying the proportions of the three basic ingredients and by adding other substances, the properties of glass can be altered, Glass can be represented as R_2 O. MO.6SiO_2 , where R= Na or K, M = CaBa, Zn or pbSiO_2 may be replaced by Akl_2 O_3 , b_2 O_3 or P_2 O_5 . Colourd glasses are obtained by adding certain metallic oxdes or salts in the fused mass, Glass is attached by HF and this property is used to make marking on the galss , This is known as etching . The glass on rapid coolling becomes brittle and fragile . The artciles of glass are cooled neither slowly nor very rapidly . The process of graducal cooling of flass iscalled annealing . A special type of glass which contains cerium oxide and does not allow the passage of ultraviolet rays is called .
