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If soap has high alkali content it irrit...

If soap has high alkali content it irritates skin. How can the amount of excess alkali be determined? What can be the source of excess alkali?

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Acid-base titration (employing phenolphthalein as indicator) can be used to determine the excess amount of alkali present in soap. The excess alkali left after alkaline hydrolysis of oil is the source of alkalinity in soap.
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