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The incorrect expression among the follo...

The incorrect expression among the following is

A

`(DeltaG_("system"))/(DeltaG_("total"))=-T`

B

in isothermal process, `W_("reversible")=-nRT"in"(V_(f))/(V_(i))`

C

In `K=(DeltaH-TDeltaS^(@))/(RT)`

D

`K=e^(-DeltaG^(@)//RT)`

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine the incorrect expression among the given options, we will analyze each expression step by step. ### Step 1: Analyze the First Expression The first expression states: \[ \frac{\Delta G}{\Delta S_{total}} = -T \] Using the Gibbs Helmholtz equation, we know that: \[ \Delta G = \Delta H - T \Delta S \] For a system where the total entropy change is considered, if \(\Delta H_{total} = 0\), then: \[ \Delta G = -T \Delta S_{total} \] Thus, the first expression is correct. **Hint:** Review the Gibbs Helmholtz equation and the definition of total entropy change. ### Step 2: Analyze the Second Expression The second expression relates to an isothermal reversible process: \[ \Delta U = Q + W \] In an isothermal process for an ideal gas, the change in internal energy (\(\Delta U\)) is zero. Therefore: \[ 0 = Q + W \] For reversible work done, we have: \[ W = -Q \] This leads to: \[ W = -nRT \ln\left(\frac{V_{final}}{V_{initial}}\right) \] This expression is also correct. **Hint:** Recall the first law of thermodynamics and the characteristics of isothermal processes. ### Step 3: Analyze the Third Expression The third expression states: \[ \Delta G^0 = \Delta H^0 - T \Delta S^0 \] This is correct, and we also have: \[ \Delta G^0 = -RT \ln K \] Rearranging gives: \[ \ln K = -\frac{\Delta G^0}{RT} \] If we substitute \(\Delta G^0\) in the expression, we would get: \[ \Delta H^0 - T \Delta S^0 = -RT \ln K \] This expression is also correct. **Hint:** Understand the relationships between Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy. ### Step 4: Analyze the Fourth Expression The fourth expression states: \[ \Delta G^0 = -RT \ln K \] From this, we can derive: \[ \ln K = -\frac{\Delta G^0}{RT} \] When expressed in exponential form: \[ K = e^{-\frac{\Delta G^0}{RT}} \] This expression is also correct. **Hint:** Familiarize yourself with the relationship between Gibbs free energy and equilibrium constant. ### Conclusion After analyzing all the expressions, it becomes clear that the incorrect expression is the second one. Thus, the final answer is: **The incorrect expression is the second option.**

To determine the incorrect expression among the given options, we will analyze each expression step by step. ### Step 1: Analyze the First Expression The first expression states: \[ \frac{\Delta G}{\Delta S_{total}} = -T \] Using the Gibbs Helmholtz equation, we know that: ...
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