According to `CIP` sequence rule, the correct arrangement in order of decreasing priority is

Options

A. `-COOH gt - CHO gt - CH_(2)OH gt - OH`
B. `-COOH gt - OH gt - CHO gt - CH_(2)OH`
C. `-OH gt - COOH gt - CHO gt - CH_(2)OH`
D. `-OH gt - CH_(2)OH gt - CHO gt - COOH`

Explanation

To determine the correct arrangement in order of decreasing priority according to the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (CIP) sequence rules, we need to follow a systematic approach. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Identify the Groups
First, we need to identify the groups attached to the chiral center. In this case, the groups are:
1. -COOH (carboxylic acid)
2. -C(=O)OH (hydroxyl group attached to a carbonyl)
3. -CH2OH (alcohol)
4. -OH (hydroxyl group)

### Step 2: Assign Priority Based on Atomic Number
According to the CIP rules, we assign priority based on the atomic number of the atoms directly attached to the chiral center. The higher the atomic number, the higher the priority.

- For -COOH, the first atom is Carbon (C).
- For -C(=O)OH, the first atom is also Carbon (C).
- For -CH2OH, the first atom is Carbon (C).
- For -OH, the first atom is Oxygen (O).

Since Oxygen has a higher atomic number than Carbon, -OH will be given the highest priority (1).

### Step 3: Compare the Remaining Groups
Now we need to compare the remaining groups (-COOH, -C(=O)OH, -CH2OH) based on the next atoms in the chain.

1. **-COOH**: The next atom after Carbon is Oxygen (O).
2. **-C(=O)OH**: The next atom after Carbon is also Oxygen (O) but it has a double bond to Oxygen.
3. **-CH2OH**: The next atom after Carbon is also Oxygen (O).

### Step 4: Consider Double Bonds
When comparing groups with the same first atom, we consider the connectivity. A double bond counts as two bonds to that atom. Therefore, -C(=O)OH has a double bond to Oxygen, making it more significant than the others.

### Step 5: Assign Priorities
Based on the above analysis:
1. **Priority 1**: -OH (Oxygen)
2. **Priority 2**: -C(=O)OH (due to the double bond to Oxygen)
3. **Priority 3**: -COOH (single bond to Oxygen)
4. **Priority 4**: -CH2OH (single bond to Oxygen)

### Final Arrangement
Thus, the correct arrangement in order of decreasing priority is:
1. -OH
2. -C(=O)OH
3. -COOH
4. -CH2OH