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Calculate value of (X+Y+Z)/(10), here X ...

Calculate value of `(X+Y+Z)/(10)`, here X is O-N-O bond angle in `NO_(3)^(-)` Y is O-N-O bond angle in `NO_(2)^(+)` and Z is F-Xe-F adjacent bond angle in `XeF_(4)`.

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To solve the problem, we need to calculate the values of X, Y, and Z based on the given chemical species and their bond angles. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution: ### Step 1: Calculate X (O-N-O bond angle in NO₃⁻) 1. **Identify the structure of NO₃⁻**: The nitrate ion has a nitrogen atom bonded to three oxygen atoms. 2. **Determine the hybridization**: - Valence electrons of nitrogen = 5 - Number of single bonds = 2 (two N-O single bonds) - Cationic charge = 0 (since it’s an anion, we add 1) - Hybridization formula: \[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{1}{2} \left( \text{Valence Electrons} + \text{Single Bonds} - \text{Cationic Charge} \right) = \frac{1}{2} (5 + 2 + 1) = 4 \] - Hybridization of 4 corresponds to sp² (trigonal planar). 3. **Bond angle**: In a trigonal planar arrangement, the bond angles are 120°. - Therefore, **X = 120°**. ### Step 2: Calculate Y (O-N-O bond angle in NO₂⁺) 1. **Identify the structure of NO₂⁺**: The nitronium ion has a nitrogen atom bonded to two oxygen atoms. 2. **Determine the hybridization**: - Valence electrons of nitrogen = 5 - Number of single bonds = 0 (since both bonds are double bonds) - Cationic charge = 1 (subtract 1) - Hybridization formula: \[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{1}{2} (5 + 0 - 1) = 2 \] - Hybridization of 2 corresponds to sp (linear). 3. **Bond angle**: In a linear arrangement, the bond angle is 180°. - Therefore, **Y = 180°**. ### Step 3: Calculate Z (F-Xe-F bond angle in XeF₄) 1. **Identify the structure of XeF₄**: Xenon tetrafluoride has a xenon atom bonded to four fluorine atoms. 2. **Determine the hybridization**: - Valence electrons of xenon = 8 - Number of single bonds = 4 (four Xe-F bonds) - Cationic charge = 0 - Hybridization formula: \[ \text{Hybridization} = \frac{1}{2} (8 + 4 + 0) = 6 \] - Hybridization of 6 corresponds to sp³d² (octahedral). 3. **Bond angle**: In a square planar arrangement (due to lone pairs), the bond angle between adjacent fluorine atoms is 90°. - Therefore, **Z = 90°**. ### Step 4: Calculate (X + Y + Z) / 10 1. **Sum the angles**: \[ X + Y + Z = 120° + 180° + 90° = 390° \] 2. **Divide by 10**: \[ \frac{X + Y + Z}{10} = \frac{390}{10} = 39 \] ### Final Answer: The value of \((X + Y + Z) / 10\) is **39**.

To solve the problem, we need to calculate the values of X, Y, and Z based on the given chemical species and their bond angles. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution: ### Step 1: Calculate X (O-N-O bond angle in NO₃⁻) 1. **Identify the structure of NO₃⁻**: The nitrate ion has a nitrogen atom bonded to three oxygen atoms. 2. **Determine the hybridization**: - Valence electrons of nitrogen = 5 - Number of single bonds = 2 (two N-O single bonds) - Cationic charge = 0 (since it’s an anion, we add 1) ...
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