Define and adiabatic process and state two essential conditios for such a process to take place.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Definition of Adiabatic Process**:
An adiabatic process is defined as a thermodynamic process in which there is no heat transfer (Q) into or out of the system. This means that any change in the internal energy of the system is due solely to work done on or by the system, rather than heat exchange.

2. **Essential Condition 1**: No Heat Transfer
- The first essential condition for an adiabatic process is that there must be no heat transfer between the system and its surroundings. Mathematically, this can be expressed as:
\[ \Delta Q = 0 \]
This implies that the system is perfectly insulated, preventing any heat exchange.

3. **Essential Condition 2**: Insulated Boundary
- The second essential condition is that the boundary of the system must be insulated. This means that the walls of the system (for example, a cylinder containing gas) should be designed in such a way that they do not allow heat to flow in or out. Additionally, the process must occur rapidly enough that there is no time for heat transfer to take place during the compression or expansion of the gas.

### Summary of Conditions
- **Condition 1**: No heat transfer (\(\Delta Q = 0\)).
- **Condition 2**: The system boundary must be insulated, and the process must occur rapidly.