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Ammonia contains 17.65% of hydrogen, wat...

Ammonia contains 17.65% of hydrogen, water contains 11.11% of hydrogen and nitrous oxide contains 36.36% of oxygen. Show that these data illustrate the law of reciprocal proportions.

Text Solution

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In ammonia, amount of H=17.65%
`therefore`Amount of N=(100-17.65)=82.35%
so, mass of N that combines with 1 parts by mass of H
`=(82.35)/(17.65)=4.66` parts.
In water, amount of H present=11.11%
`therefore`Amount of C-present(100-11.11)=88.89%
So, mass of O that combines with 1 part by mass of H
`=(88.89)/(11.11)=8` parts.
So, according to the law off reciprocal proportions, if the elements, N and O combine together, the ratio of their masses elements, N and O combine together, the ratio of their masses in the compound so formed will be either 4.66:8 (=0.5825:1) or any simple multiple ofit.
Now in nitrous oxide, amount off O present=36.36%
`therefore`amount of N present=(100-36.36)=63.64%
So, the mass-ratio of N to O in nitrous oxide
`=63.64:36.36=1.75:1~~3xx0.5825:1`
It is a simple multiple of ratio, 0.5825:1 as predicted earlier. So, the given data illustrate the law of reciprocal proportions.
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