By studying anomalous behaviour of water using Hope's apparatus, it is concluded that

Explanation

i. Temperature of water in middle of cylindrical container lowers when freezing mixture is put in the flat bowl.
ii. Due to decrease in temperature, volume of water decreases and its density increases.
iii.. Water with higher density moves downwards causing reduction in temperature` T_(1)` of thermometer attached near the bottom of cylindrical container. Process continues till temperature in` T_(1)` equals `4^(@)C`.
iv. When temperature of water starts decreasing below `4^(@)C`, its volume increases and its density decreases.
v. Water with lower density moves upwards causing reduction in temperature` T_(2)` of thermometer attached near the top of cylindrical container. As a result, temperature T2 decreases rapidly to `0^(@)C`.
vi. At the same time temperature T1 remains at `4^(@)C` and then decreases slowly to `0 ^(@)C`.
vii. This shows, unlike other liquids, water in the temperature range of `4^(@)C" to "0^(@)C`, expands upon cooling and exhibits anomalous behaviour.