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Estimate the average drift speed of cond...

Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional area `1.0xx10^(-7)m^(2)` carrying a current of `1.5A`. Assume the density of conduction electrons to be `9xx10^(28)m^(-3)`.

Text Solution

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Given : Cross sectional Area `a=1.0xx10^(28)m^(-3)`
Current `I=1.5A`
Electron density, `n=9xx10^(28)m^(-3)`
To find :
Driff velocity `v_(d)=`
We know that `I=n Aev_(d)`
`v_(d)=(I)/(nAe)`
`v_(d)=(1.5)/(9xx10^(28)xx1.6xx10^(-19)xx1.0xx10^(-7))`
`V_(d)=1.042xx10^(-3)m//s`
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(a) Esttimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wite of cross-secttonal area 1.0 xx 10 ^(-7)m^(2) carrying a current of 1.5A. Assume the each copper atom contrbutes roughly one conduction electron. The density of copper is 9.0 xx 10 ^(3)kg//m^(3), and its atomic mass is 63.5 u. (b) Compare the drift speed obyained above with, (1) thermal speeds of copper atoms at ordinary temperaturtes. (ii) speed of propagation of electric field along the conductor which causes the drift motion.

Calculate the electric field in a copper wire of cross-sectional area 2.0mm^(2) carrying a current of 1A .The resistivity of copper =1.7xx10^(-8)(Omega)m .

Knowledge Check

  • A copper wire of length 2 m and area of cross-section 1.7xx10^(-6)m^(2) has a resistance of 2xx10^(-2)Omega. The resistivity of copper is

    A
    `1.7xx10^(-8)Omegam`
    B
    `1.9xx10^(-8)Omegam`
    C
    `2.1xx10^(-7)Omega m`
    D
    `2.3xx10^(-7)Omega m`

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