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Which of the following statements is/are...

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect regarding digestion and absorption of food in human beings :
(a) About 90% of starch is hydrolysed by salivary amylase in our oral cavity
(b) Entero-endocrine cells in our stomach secrete the proenzyme trypsinogen
(c) Vitamin-D is produced in human body in skin
(d) Bile salts act as activator of pancreatic lipase

A

Two, a and b

B

Two, a and c

C

Two, a and d

D

Three,a,b and d

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine which statements regarding digestion and absorption of food in human beings are incorrect, let's analyze each statement one by one. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Statement (a): About 90% of starch is hydrolyzed by salivary amylase in our oral cavity.** - **Analysis:** This statement is incorrect. Salivary amylase only hydrolyzes about 5% of starch in the oral cavity. The majority of starch digestion occurs in the small intestine, where pancreatic amylase continues the process. - **Conclusion:** This statement is **false**. 2. **Statement (b): Entero-endocrine cells in our stomach secrete the proenzyme trypsinogen.** - **Analysis:** This statement is also incorrect. Trypsinogen is not secreted by entero-endocrine cells in the stomach; it is produced and secreted by the pancreas. Entero-endocrine cells primarily secrete hormones such as gastrin. - **Conclusion:** This statement is **false**. 3. **Statement (c): Vitamin D is produced in the human body in the skin.** - **Analysis:** This statement is correct. Vitamin D is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight (UV radiation). - **Conclusion:** This statement is **true**. 4. **Statement (d): Bile salts act as activators of pancreatic lipase.** - **Analysis:** This statement is correct. Bile salts help emulsify fats, which allows pancreatic lipase to effectively break down fats. They do not directly activate the enzyme but create the necessary conditions for its action. - **Conclusion:** This statement is **true**. ### Summary of Findings: - Statements (a) and (b) are incorrect. - Statements (c) and (d) are correct. ### Final Answer: The incorrect statements regarding digestion and absorption of food in human beings are **(a) and (b)**.
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Read the passage given below and answer the question: Polysaccharides may be very large molecules. Starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin are examples of polysaccharides. Starch is the stored form of sugars in plants and is made up of amylose and amylopectin (both polymers of glucose). Amylose is soluble in water and can be hydrolyzed into glucose units breaking glycocidic bonds, by the enzymes a- amylase and B-amylase. It is straight chain polymer. Amylopectin is a branched chain polymer of several D-glucose molecules. 80% of amylopectin is present in starch. Plants are able to synthesize glucose, and the excess glucose is stored as starch in different plant parts, including roots and seeds. The starch that is consumed by animals is broken down into smaller molecules, such as glucose. The cells can then absorb the glucose. Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in humans and other vertebrates, and is made up of monomers of glucose. It is structurally quite similar to amylopectin. Glycogen is the animal equivalent of starch. It is stored in liver and skeletal muscles. Cellulose is one of the most abundant natural biopolymers. The cell walls of plants are mostly made of cellulose, which provides structural support to the cell. Wood and paper are mostly cellulosic in nature. Like amylose, cellulose is a linear polymer of glucose. Cellulose is made up of glucose monomers that are linked by bonds between particular carbon atoms in the glucose molecule.Every other glucose monomer in cellulose is flipped over and packed tightly as extended long chains. This gives cellulose its rigidity and high tensile strength-which is so important to plant cells. Cellulose passing through our digestive system is called dietary fiber. (Source: "https://chem.libretexts.org" ) Which biopolymer breaks down to release glucose , whenever glucose levels drop in Our body:

Read the passage given below and answer the question: Polysaccharides may be very large molecules. Starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin are examples of polysaccharides. Starch is the stored form of sugars in plants and is made up of amylose and amylopectin (both polymers of glucose). Amylose is soluble in water and can be hydrolyzed into glucose units breaking glycocidic bonds, by the enzymes a- amylase and B-amylase. It is straight chain polymer. Amylopectin is a branched chain polymer of several D-glucose molecules. 80% of amylopectin is present in starch. Plants are able to synthesize glucose, and the excess glucose is stored as starch in different plant parts, including roots and seeds. The starch that is consumed by animals is broken down into smaller molecules, such as glucose. The cells can then absorb the glucose. Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in humans and other vertebrates, and is made up of monomers of glucose. It is structurally quite similar to amylopectin. Glycogen is the animal equivalent of starch. It is stored in liver and skeletal muscles. Cellulose is one of the most abundant natural biopolymers. The cell walls of plants are mostly made of cellulose, which provides structural support to the cell. Wood and paper are mostly cellulosic in nature. Like amylose, cellulose is a linear polymer of glucose. Cellulose is made up of glucose monomers that are linked by bonds between particular carbon atoms in the glucose molecule.Every other glucose monomer in cellulose is flipped over and packed tightly as extended long chains. This gives cellulose its rigidity and high tensile strength-which is so important to plant cells. Cellulose passing through our digestive system is called dietary fiber. (Source: "https://chem.libretexts.org" ) The linkages which join monosaccharides to form long chain polysaccharides :

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Read the passage given below and answer the question: Polysaccharides may be very large molecules. Starch, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin are examples of polysaccharides. Starch is the stored form of sugars in plants and is made up of amylose and amylopectin (both polymers of glucose). Amylose is soluble in water and can be hydrolyzed into glucose units breaking glycocidic bonds, by the enzymes a- amylase and B-amylase. It is straight chain polymer. Amylopectin is a branched chain polymer of several D-glucose molecules. 80% of amylopectin is present in starch. Plants are able to synthesize glucose, and the excess glucose is stored as starch in different plant parts, including roots and seeds. The starch that is consumed by animals is broken down into smaller molecules, such as glucose. The cells can then absorb the glucose. Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in humans and other vertebrates, and is made up of monomers of glucose. It is structurally quite similar to amylopectin. Glycogen is the animal equivalent of starch. It is stored in liver and skeletal muscles. Cellulose is one of the most abundant natural biopolymers. The cell walls of plants are mostly made of cellulose, which provides structural support to the cell. Wood and paper are mostly cellulosic in nature. Like amylose, cellulose is a linear polymer of glucose. Cellulose is made up of glucose monomers that are linked by bonds between particular carbon atoms in the glucose molecule.Every other glucose monomer in cellulose is flipped over and packed tightly as extended long chains. This gives cellulose its rigidity and high tensile strength-which is so important to plant cells. Cellulose passing through our digestive system is called dietary fiber. (Source: "https://chem.libretexts.org" ) Cellulose on complete hydrolysis yields: