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Salicylic acid is treated with bromine u...

Salicylic acid is treated with bromine under two different conditions as shown :

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Explanation : In salicylic acid, phenolic group present is an activating group. In non-polar solvent such as `CS_(2)`, it directs the new entering group `(-Br)` to para position which is least sterically hindered. However, in polar solvent such as water, phenolic group changes to phenate ion which is even more activating. In this case, the entering group will occupy the ortho and para positions even by displacing carboxyl group already present in the ring.
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