Out of o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol, which is more volatile ? Explain?

Explanation

To determine which compound is more volatile between o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol, we need to analyze their structures and the types of hydrogen bonding they can form.

### Step 1: Draw the Structures
- **o-Nitrophenol**: This compound has a nitro group (-NO2) attached to the benzene ring at the ortho position relative to the hydroxyl group (-OH).
- **p-Nitrophenol**: In this compound, the nitro group is attached to the benzene ring at the para position relative to the hydroxyl group.

### Step 2: Analyze Hydrogen Bonding
- In **o-nitrophenol**, the proximity of the nitro group to the hydroxyl group allows for **intramolecular hydrogen bonding**. This means that the hydrogen from the hydroxyl group can form a bond with the oxygen of the nitro group, stabilizing the molecule and reducing its overall energy.
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