Assertion (A) Phenols give o-and p-nitrophenol on nitration with conc. `HNO_(3)` and `H_(2)SO_(4)` mixture.
Reason (R) `-OH` group in phenol is o-,p-directing.

Options

A. Assertion and reason both are correct and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
B. Assertion and reason both are wrong statements.
C. Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
D. Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.

Explanation

To solve the question, we need to analyze both the assertion and the reason provided.

### Step 1: Analyze the Assertion
The assertion states that phenols give o- and p-nitrophenol on nitration with a mixture of concentrated HNO3 and H2SO4.

- When phenol is treated with concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) and concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4), it undergoes nitration.
- The expected products of this reaction are indeed ortho (o-) and para (p-) nitrophenol. However, under strong nitrating conditions (like the mixture of HNO3 and H2SO4), phenol can further react to form 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, commonly known as picric acid.

Thus, the assertion that phenol gives only o- and p-nitrophenol is incorrect because the reaction can lead to the formation of a more highly nitrated product.

### Step 2: Analyze the Reason
The reason states that the -OH group in phenol is o-, p-directing.

- The -OH (hydroxyl) group is indeed an electron-donating group, which activates the aromatic ring for electrophilic substitution.
- This means that when electrophiles (like NO2+) approach the aromatic ring, they are more likely to attack the ortho and para positions relative to the -OH group.

Thus, the reason is correct as it accurately describes the directing effects of the -OH group.

### Conclusion
- The assertion is incorrect because the reaction with concentrated HNO3 and H2SO4 can lead to the formation of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid), not just o- and p-nitrophenol.
- The reason is correct because the -OH group is indeed o-, p-directing.

### Final Answer
- Assertion (A) is incorrect.
- Reason (R) is correct.
- Therefore, the correct option is D: Assertion is wrong, but the reason is correct.

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