What is an ionic bond? With two suitable exmaples the difference between an ionic and a covalent bond?

Explanation

Ionic bond: The bond formed, as a result of the electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative ions was termed as the electrovalent bond or ionic bond. E.g. The formation of NaCl from sodium and chlorine can be explained as
`underset(Ne 3s^(1))Na to underset(Ne)Na^(+) + e^(-)`
`underset(Ne 3s^(2)3p^(5))(Cl) +e to underset(Ne 3s^(2)3p^(6) or Ar)(Cl^(-)`
`Na^(+) +Cl^(-) to NaCl` or `Na^(+)Cl^(-)`
Similarly, the formation of `CaF_(2)` may be shown as
`underset(Ar 4s^(2))Ca to underset(Ar)(Ca^(2+)) + 2e^(-)`
`underset(He, 2s^(2) 2p^(5))F + e^(-) to underset(He 2s^(2)2p^(6) or Ne)(F^(-))`
`Ca^(2+) + 2F^(-) to CaF_(2)` or `Ca^(2+)(F_(2)^(-))`
Covalent bond- The bond formed between the two atoms by mutual sharing of electrons between themis called covalent bond. e.g., the formation of chlorine molecule can be explained as