In Cannizzaro reaction-

Options

A. Aldehyde is converted into alcohol
B. Alcohol is converted into aldehyde
C. Primary amine is converted into isocyanide
D. Acid is converted into amine

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Cannizzaro Reaction**: The Cannizzaro reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the disproportionation of aldehydes that lack alpha-hydrogens in the presence of a strong base.

2. **Identifying the Reactant**: The reactant in the Cannizzaro reaction must be a carbonyl compound, specifically an aldehyde without alpha-hydrogens. This means that the carbon atom adjacent to the carbonyl group (alpha-carbon) does not have any hydrogen atoms attached to it.

3. **Reaction Conditions**: The reaction occurs in a basic medium, typically using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as the catalyst.

4. **Products of the Reaction**: The products of the Cannizzaro reaction are:
- An alcohol (reduction product)
- A carboxylic acid salt (oxidation product)

5. **Disproportionation Nature**: The Cannizzaro reaction is classified as a disproportionation reaction because one species is oxidized while another is reduced. In this case, the aldehyde is converted into both an alcohol (reduction) and a carboxylic acid salt (oxidation).

6. **Example Reaction**: For instance, if we take formaldehyde (HCHO) as the aldehyde:
- The reaction with NaOH will yield methanol (CH3OH) as the alcohol and sodium formate (HCOONa) as the carboxylic acid salt.

7. **Analyzing Options**:
- **Option 1**: Aldehyde is converted into alcohol - This is correct.
- **Option 2**: Alcohol is converted into aldehyde - This is incorrect as the reaction does not involve conversion of alcohol to aldehyde.
- **Option 3**: Primary amine is a reactant - This is incorrect as primary amines do not participate in this reaction.
- **Option 4**: Acid is converted into amine - This is also incorrect as there is no acid involved in the reactants.

8. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is **Option 1**, which states that an aldehyde is converted into an alcohol.

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